Extradition and Its Limits
Extradition is a process by which one country hands over an individual to another State to face criminal proceedings or serve a sentence. However, not all countries have extradition treaties with Italy, which means that in certain territories — such as countries without extradition to Italy — a request for surrender may be denied or ignored.
Countries That Do Not Extradite to Italy
There are some States that, for political, legal, or diplomatic reasons, do not allow extradition to Italy. These include:
- Belize
- Cambodia
- United Arab Emirates
- Jamaica
- Seychelles
- Madagascar
- Nepal
- Federal State of Greater Malaysia
However, the absence of an extradition treaty does not necessarily mean that a person is safe from legal action. In some cases, authorities may take alternative measures, such as revoking a passport, freezing assets, or involving international organizations such as Interpol via a Red Notice, which facilitates arrest in third countries.
Legal Rights and Protections in Non-Extradition Countries
Being in one of these countries without extradition to Italy does not mean being immune from judicial action. Individuals legally residing in a State without an extradition agreement may still be subject to investigations, asset seizures, or travel restrictions.
Legal tools available to protect your rights include:
- Challenging international arrest warrants
- Requesting diplomatic protection or humanitarian status
- Filing an appeal against Interpol Red Notices
- Seeking assistance to regularize one’s legal status
Conclusion
Extradition is a complex matter and varies from country to country. Although some States do not have direct treaties with Italy, international cooperation mechanisms still exist and may affect a person’s legal situation. In any circumstance, it is essential to understand local laws and know your rights to respond with an appropriate legal strategy.
